Washington regulates walk-in gold buyers under RCW Chapter 19.60, which covers pawnbrokers, secondhand dealers and, since 2011, secondhand precious metal dealers who buy gold, silver or platinum more than three times a year. For each purchase the dealer records your signature, name, date of birth, sex, height, weight, race, address and phone number, a full description of each piece including any engraving, the price paid, and your ID, which must include one current government photo ID. Precious metal dealers also log the time and keep a copy of both sides of your ID. Records are kept three years, open to police, and sent to police as a daily transcript when they ask.
A dealer with a shop in Washington may not move what it buys out of the shop for 30 days; a dealer without one must keep it in the city or county where it was bought. Legal-tender and collector coins, bullion, and gold dust, flakes and nuggets fall outside the precious metal rules, so those precious metal record and hold rules do not reach them, and legal-tender coins and hallmarked bars are also outside the general secondhand rules. No dealer may buy from anyone under 18, from someone under the influence, or from someone it knows has a theft, burglary or stolen-property conviction in the last ten years.
Precious metal dealers need a business license from the local government where they operate, and state law lets cities and counties add their own licensing and stricter rules. Chapter 19.60 sets no cash limit or payment-method rule for purchases from the public.